GREENLANDIC LANGUAGE LESSONS
Bussimi Naapinneq By Maaliaaraq Vebæk
This book ("A Meeting on the Bus") is about a Greenlandic woman who went to Copenhagen to live with a Danish lover, but
whose life there is less than happy.
The extracts below in bold are the from the first two pages of the book. Each extract is followed by vocabulary notes and
in the case of the first three extracts, a suggested English translation.
Andy Buisson
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Ullut ilaanni illoqarfimmi suliffinni inerama pisiniaqattaalaasinnarlunga
angerlarniarlunga Nørreportimut ingerlavunga, taanna bussit assigiinngitsorpaaluit aqqutigisarmassuk ikiartorfigigajukkakku.
Ullut:
days ilaanni: on one/some (of them) illoqarfik: town -mi: in(/at) suliffik: workplace -n-ni: at my ini-:
to be finished/to finish -rama (/-gama): when (past tense) (/because) I ... pisinia-: to go shopping (pi-: thing, -si-:
buy, -nia- to go and.../to intend to...) -qattaa-: repeatedly/the whole time -laar-: a little (also softens the tone) -sinnar:
after doing X (NB not to be confused with -sinnaa: can) -lunga: while I ... / and I ... angerlar-: to go home Nørreport:
a street in Copenhagen -i- : epenthetic vowel to allow -mut ending to be added to foreign word/word ending in a consonant -mut:
to ingerla-: go (on foot) -vunga: I ... (indicative) taanna: this/that bussi(t): bus(es) assigiingitsut: different -paaluit:
a great many aqqutigi-: travel along it (lit. to have it as a road) -sar- (-tar-): tend to (frequentative) -massuk:
because (when) they...it iki- : get on board -artor-: to intend do/make an effort to -figi: to have something as
a place of... -gaju(k)-: a lot -kakku: because (when) I ... it
"One day, when I was finished at work in town,
and I was heading home after doing a bit of shopping, I walked to Nørreport, since I often went there to catch a ride
because of the many different buses that passed by there."Aarimmi linie 5 tikiuppoq, tassungalu ikivunga, bussi taanna angerlartillunga
ilaaffigalugu pitsaanerpaat ilagimmassuk
The last wordlist was in order of the words appearing. This one is in alphabetical
order and I have omitted words/particles explained in the previous list to make things less straightforward. If want to try
this without the translation don't look below the wordlist. If you have difficulty with just this I give a breakdown and
a translation with some hints as to how to analyse the bits, the last few words are quite tricky:
aarimmi: just
as I thought!, as you can see! -(f)figi- (-ffigaa): to have X as the place/object of my action -gi-: to have X as... iki-:
to get on board (object takes -mut/nut case) ila: part ilagi-: to have X as a part/as one of it ilaa-: to be a passenger linie
5: "line 5" i.e. the number 5 bus -lu: and -lunga: while [unstated subject] [verbs] me (NB note that in the last
sentence -lunga meant "while I [verb]". It has two meanings intransitive where -nga means "I", and a transitive meaning
where the ending signifies the object, "me") -nerpaaq: most(plural: -nerpaat) pitsaa-: good tassunga: to this
(=tassa+mut) tikiu*-: to have arrived (cf tikippoq: to come) -ti*: to cause
Word for word breakdown
"Just.as.I.thought
line 5 has.arrived, to.this-and board-I, bus this go.home-cause-while.me [i.e. taking me home] be.a.passenger- have.as.place.of-while.it(object)
[having it as my transport] good- most(pl) [the best ones] part-have.as-because.they...it [because they (the best ones)
have it as part of them , as one of them i.e. because it is one of the best]
"Just as I thought, the number 5 had
arrived, which I boarded, because this bus was one of the best to be taken home by (to go home on)."
Ualeq aallartilaaginnarsimavoq, taamaammat angallatit suli inoqaruluunngillat. Issiaviit sanileriittarissat ilaanni
arnaq kalaaliugunartoq kisimiilluni issiasoq takullugu sanianut ingikkiartorpunga.
aallarti-: begin angallat:
vehicle (plural -it) arnaq: woman -ginnar: only/just (same as -innar, -annar) -gunar: apparently, seemingly ingippoq:
to sit down ino-: stem of inuk: person issiavik: seat (plural -[/k/]it) issiavoq: to be sitting kalaaleq: greenlander
(stem: kalaali-) -kiartor, iartor, jartor, riartor: to go [there] to ... kisimi: alone kisimiippoq: to be alone -luni:
while [subject of main verb] does X (kontemporativ 4ps) -qa-: to have, to exist, there is, there are -riaq: the place
where... (plural -rissat) -ruloor: hard, forcefully (ruluu- where final "r" is removed by following affix) sani:
side sanileriipput: to be next to one another, side by side -sima-: perfective affix: similar to "to have X'd". -soq/toq:
nominal verb form: who does X, that does X. suli: still/yet taama: so, such; taamaappoq: to be such; taamaammat:
because it was such= therefore taku- : see -tar-/-sar-: affix denoting a habitual/usual action ualeq: afternoon
Further comments:
-ruluu- in this case I believe expresses the fact that later in the afternoon there would normally be a lot of people
in the buses (but not yet). In this case the sitting down by her side is as a result of what she has seen, so I would
put that afterwards in the translation. Sanianut = sani-a-nut > to her side. sanileriit-ta-rissat: the places which
were [habitually] side by side, i.e. one of the row of double seats in a bus. The subject of kisimiilluni agrees with
issiasoq, which is the main verb for that phrase of the sentence, so the rule isn't broken.
"The afternoon had only just begun, so there was not yet a great number of people in the vehicles [buses]. Seeing a
woman who appeared to be Greenlandic sitting alone on one of the double seats, I went to sit down next to her."
Igalaap
killingani issiavoq silammut isigaluni. Paasivara ilisarisimanngikkiga. Taamaattoq sanianut inginniarpunga kalaaliusorilluinnarakku
nalinginnaq oqaloqatigiissinnaagatta, soorlu taamaakkajuttartugut. Aammami angallatini taamaattuni ingerlarusaarluni
oqaloqateqarluni ingerlaneq sivikinnerusutut misigisimanartarmat
aamma: and aammami: and indeed -gatta/ratta/kkatta:
because we... igalaq : window (-ap: relative case) ilisarisimavaa: know X isigaaq: look (from "isigavoq")(isigaa:
look at X) -kaju*-: often (cf -gaju* in extract 1) -kkiga/-giga/riga: transitive nominal mood, (that) I...her killeq:
edge/border (killinga: its edge/border) -ki*: small/few > sivi-kip-poq: short lasting -mat: because it... misigi-:
feel nalinginnaq: general/one or other -nar-: "be such as to". So in the example the translation is along the lines
of: "because travelling on a slow bus having a chat with someone is such as to make the journey feel shorter".
-neq/-neruvoq: more oqaloqat: someone to speak with oqaloqatigiip-put: they have a conversation (plural subjects
only) paasivaa: understand it/realise it -qat: a fellow X -rakku/gakku/kkakku: because I...her -rusaar-: without
hurry silak: sky (silammut: outside) -sinnaa: can sivisooq: long lasting soorlu: just like, as if -sori-: think
that -sutut: intransitive nominal mode -soq + "aequalis" case -tut. taamaappoq: be such (nominal mode>taamaattuni:
in such (plural)) taamaattoq: however (set phrase) -tugut: intransitive nominal mode, (that) we... -tut/-sut: "aequalis"
case = as X (also used of languages: kalaallisut oqarpunga - I speak as a Greenlander i.e. I speak Greenlandic)
Notes:
ingerlaneq "the travelling" - is the subject of misigisimanartarmat
sivikinnerusutut - is the sort of object of
misigisima- "feel"
Lit. "like a shorter one" -tut : like sivikinneru-: shorter -su-: one/that (which is)
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ainu lesson ,4
I want to..
English
| Sound
| Ainu
|
What do you want to eat?
|
| Hemanta ee rusuy ya?
|
I want to eat candy.
|
| Topenpe ke rusuy
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What do you want to drink?
|
| Hemanta eku rusuy ya?
|
I want to drink tea.
|
| Oca kuku rusuy
|
I want to go home soon.
| x
| Tane kuhosipi rusuy
|
I want to rest because I am tired.
|
| Kusinki kusu kusini rusuy |
If..
English
| Sound
| Ainu
|
I hope it would be fine tomorrow.
|
| Nisatta sirpirka yak pirkap!
|
One part of a poetry below
|
I would be wind.., I would be bird..
|
| Rera ta kune,... cikap ta kune,...
|
If I could be,
|
| ki wa ne yakun
|
I could meet my lover in this day.
|
| Kuyupo tananto or ta kunukar oka! |
Ainu
| English
|
e-
| you
|
e
| eat (foods)
|
ki
| do (something)
|
ku-
| I
|
ku
| drink (beverage)
|
kusu
| in order to, because
|
ke
| < ku-e
|
sini
| take rest
|
sirpirka
| fine
|
sinki
| tired
|
- ta - oka
| (It means hope which is unlikely to realize)
|
tananto or ta
| today (It is used in verse. In usual sentense,"tanto")
|
tane
| already,no longer
|
cikap
| bird
|
topenpe
| candy
|
nisatta
| tomorrow
|
nukar
| meet (person)
|
ne
| be,become
|
hemanta
| what
|
hosipi
| go home
|
ya
| (It means question)
|
yak
| (It means condition)
|
yakun
| in case,if
|
yupo
| lover (It is used in verse to man. To woman,"tures". In usual sentense,it means older brother)
|
rusuy
| want to
|
rera
| wind
|
wa
| and
|
pirka
| good
|
-p
| (It nominalizes verb which is completed by vowel. By consonaunt, "-pe") | ainu
language lesson 6
Let's go!
English
| Sound
| Ainu
|
Let's go!
|
| Uturano payean ro!
|
Let's eat!
|
| Uturano ipean ro!
|
Let's talk about!
|
| Ukoisoitakan ro!
|
See you again!
|
| Suy unukaran ro! |
Why don't you..?
English
| Sound
| Ainu
|
Why don't you drink water?
|
| Wakka eku hike makanak ne wa?
|
Why don't you wait a moment?
|
| Na atere hike makanak ne wa? |
Ainu
| English
|
a-
| we (It is used with transitive verb. cf;-an)
|
-an
| we (It is used with intransitive verb. cf;a-)
|
e-
| you
|
ku
| drink (beverage)
|
hike
| which (person do)
|
makanak
| how
|
na
| more
|
ne
| be,become
|
paye
| go(It is plural form)
|
ro
| (It means proposal)
|
suy
| times
|
tere
| wait (them)
|
ukoisoitak
| talk with
|
unukar
| meet
|
uturano
| together
|
wa
| (the word soften them voice)
|
wakka
| water |
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